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Ajami Nakhchivani Abubakr
(20th years of XII century – the end of XII) – an
architect. A famous representative of the architecture of
Azerbaijan, the founder of Nakhchivan architecture school. Ajami
granted the architecture of Azerbaijan with a new direction and
brought a tenderness, dynamic to the rude and firm style of the
architecture during Saljugs regime with his genius and strongly
influenced the architecture of Middle East. Ajami has an
honourable place among the names of famous faces in the XII
century, when the reform and humanism ideas became spread in the
public opinion of Azerbaijan. At the same time, Ajami is
distinguished from other present architects with that the
things, he created, possessed knowledge of science. He calls
himself “Ajami son of Abubakr, architect from Nakhchivan” and
his synthetic combination of engineering and architecture is
obviously seen in the inscriptions on the monuments he made. The
great geniuses of the east called him “sheykhul-muhandis’ (head
of the engineers).
Ajami’s creative activity is closely related with Nakhchivan,
the capital of strong Atabeys state in XII century. Ajami’s
first known monument is Yusif ibn Kuseyir tomb. This tomb,
located in the center of Nakhchivan city and called “Atababa
dome” among the people was built in 1162. In the left
inscription of the entrance gate of the monument the architect’s
name is written: “Work of Master Ajami Nakhchivani, son of
Abubakr”. Ajami erected Momuma Khatun tomb in 1186 in the west
part of Nakhchivan, which is one of the highest and most tender
tombs not only in Azerbaijan but also in Islam world. This tomb,
memorized as “Atabey dome”, was built on behalf of Momuna khatun
who was Atabey Shamsaddin Eldeniz’s wife and Mohammad Jahan
Pahlavan’s mother. The tomb was a dominant of a big
architectural combination with its big sizes, monumental figures
and dynamic silhouette. Ten-angles Momuna khatun tomb is a
monumental work made on the basis of the improvement and
complication of the architectural principles.
Ajami’s creative activity strongly affected the architecture of
Azerbaijan and the Middle East countries – Ajami’s traditions
live in Blue dome in Maghara (1196), Gulustan bome near
Nakhchivan (XIII), Garabaglar dome (XII-XIV), Berda and Selma
domes (XIV) and in the tombs built by Turkish architect Sinan in
Istanbul. During the construction of the monument on Nizami’s
grave in Ganja the style of Ajami was used and the monument was
built with the spirit of Ajami genius.
“One-tenth of the century” novel by H.Ibrahimov and “He was the
son of our mountains” play by Kemale was devoted to Ajami. His
850 years anniversary was celebrated on a large scale in 1976.
Ajami Nakhchivanski’s bust was opened in Nakhchivan
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