|
Nasraddin Tusi’s ethic and social-political views are reflected
in his “Akhlagi-Nasiri” work, which had been written on behalf
of Nasiraddin Mohtasham in 1235. In this work general
philosophical issues are also emphasized. The different aspects
of characters, their useful and defective sides, the qualities
improving a human and advantages leading to favor and happiness
are analyzed in this work In his management theology Nasraddin
Tusi explains the problems of self, family and state management
and thinks that “the control on the people according to the
justice and wisdom laws” is very important. Nasreddin Tusi took
the humanist position in his works about the religion and
considered the care of people’s welfare very important. He is
also an author of the treaties about poetry theology and music
and philosophic poems. Nasraddin Tusi’s outlook, philosophy,
advanced ethic, socio-political as well as theological ideas
gets interest not only from the historical point of view but
also plays an important role.
Nasraddin Tusi did many things in the subjects of mathematics,
astrology and physics. In his “Zij Elkhani” the main elements of
the geocentric orbit of the planets were given and their daily
average motion was determined more precisely than the
observations of that time and even XVII century astrology. With
Nasraddin Tusi’s leadership the rate of the annual precession of
the terrestrial axis (51”4) was found (the present rate is
51”2). In “Zij Elkhani” there are a lot of mathematic,
astrologic and geographical tables. The most important ones are
the three-numbered trigonometric tables of sinus and tangents in
the 60 numbered system and the geographic coordinates of 256
cities that were famous in the XII century. C. Columbus’s
teacher P. Toscanelli used this table. The table was published
in London (1652) and in Oxford (1711) in Arabic and Latin
languages. Azerbaijani scientist Kerimaddin Salmasi came to
Maragha observatory in 1266 and made a geographic globe 2
centuries ago German scientist Martin Bohaym (1459-1507).
Nasraddin Tusi’s “Tahriri-oglidis” (“Evklid’s comments”) gave a
push to the develpmnet of geometry. This work was published in
Roma in Arabic (1594) and Latin languages (XVII century) and
positively affected the work of French mathematician
A.Lejandrine, English mathematician J.Wallise and Italian
scientist J.Sakkeri. In this work and in “The principles of
geometry” Nasraddin Tusi explained his theory on Evklid’s 5th
postulate and found the relations between the sums of internal
angles of the triangular. Nasraddin Tusi developed the theory of
correlation in Archimedes’s works “Ball and cylinder” and
“Squarization of the circle”. A number conception of Nasraddin
Tusi coincides with the modern notion and he passed ahead
European mathematicians 400 years ago.
Nasraddin Tusi also paid attention to the
theological issues in his philosophical treaties “Solutions of
the problems” (“Hall al-mushkilat”), which had been devoted to
the comments of “Signs and remarks” book by Ibn Sina, “World
isolation” (“Tajrid al-kelam”) and “The essence of quotation”
(“Esas al-iqtibas”). At the Manuscripts Institute of the
National Scientific Academy of Azerbaijan there are the copies
of the manuscripts of “Solutions of the problems” belonging to
the XIII and XVII centuries. Nasraddin Tusi is a famous follower
of Ibn Sina’s and Bahmanyar’s schools and developed the East
peripatetic. Nasraddin Tusi first divided the creature into
cause and result, showed that there was no time difference
between them and considered that a possible creature as well as
material world was eternal and everlasting.
|
