FAMOUS PERSONS OF NAKHCHIVAN

Nakhchivan has been the place of many great thinkers, scientists and craftsmen

    Haydar Aliyev
    Aliyev Ilham
    Zarifa Aliyeva
    Ajami Nakhchivani
    Nakhchivani Najmaddin
    Nakhchivani Hindushah
    Nasreddin Tusi
    Nakhchivani Mohammad
    Fazlullah Naimi
    Aliyev Hasan
    Mammedaliyev Yusif
    Abdullayev Hasan
    Kangarli Heydarqulu
    Nakhchivansky Ismail
    Nakhchivansky Huseyn
    Nakhchivansky Jamshid
  Mohammed Shahtakhtinsky
    Shahtakhtinsky Behbud
    Mohammed Taghi Sidgi
    Jalil Mammedguluzadeh
    Huseyn Javid
    Ordubadi Mammed Said
    Kangarli Behruz

                                                                                                                          Haydar Aliyev

 

Nasreddin Tusi

         Nasraddin Tusi covered all the issues of the natural sciences to physics. It covers simple and compound substances, the reasons of the phenomena in the earth and the sky, like thunder, lightening, rain, snow, earthquake and such events, compound matters and the characteristics of their contents (mineralogy), plants and their species, passion and its power (botany), substances moving arbitrarily and volitionally and their notional characteristics, passion and its power (zoology) and the characteristics of the purposeful passion of a human (psychology). Nasraddin Tusi considered medicine, cropping science a separate division of the physics. The inventories and discoveries of Nasraddin Tusi and the scientists in Maghara observatory enriched the scientific idea of the world. In the sources it is mentioned that for his unique abilities, deep talent and unexampled duties, he was called “Eleventh intellect” (“Al-aql al hadi ashar” – the Eastern peripatetism believed the existence of ten types of intellect) and “Master of the world” (“Ustad al-bashar”).

      His 780 years anniversary was ceremonially celebrated on 1981, a medal on behalf of his name was declared, his monuments were erected and his portrait was made. His name was given to a lot of scientific, educational and cultural institutions, as well as the Shamakhi Astrophysical Observatory of the National Scientific Academy of Azerbaijan and streets. With the decision of UNESCO his 800 years anniversary was celebrated internationally. For this purpose, the jubilee commission was created on the basis of the President of Azerbaijani Republic Haydar Aliyev’s decree “About Nasraddin Tusi’s 800 years anniversary”, dated on the 13th of June in 2000

In his “Shaklul-qita” (“Treaties about the perfect four-side”) about the plane and spherical trigonometry, he explains the main theorems and formulas of Menelay theorem and modern trigonometry and determined the sides of spherical triangular according to the three angles and gave dialectic definition to the concept of discrete and uninterrupted quantities. With this work the plane and spherical trigonometry became a separate subject. The work was published in Istanbul in Arabic and French languages in 1891. In “Celaul hesab” (“Counting with wood and sand”) the rules of the extraction of root from any positive number and the factors of the binomial limits up to 12 grades extent are explained. His “Tahrir-al-Majasti”, the updated version of “Almagest” by old Greek scientist K.Ptolemy, is about the Ptolemy’s motion theory of the planets in the geocentric system and its correction. Nasraddin Tusi mentioned in his work about calculation, the action of the extraction of root from any degree of whole number, explained it as an example of the root (for the first time in the history of mathematics) and indicated the binomial factors making number triangular and objective laws between them.

The unity of a substance and shape, types of motion according to quality, quantity, place and position time and other philosophical categories were comprehensively and deeply lightened in the philosopher’s reality doctrine. In his “Solutions of problems” treaties Nasraddin Tusi refuted scholastic Fakhraddin Razi’s (1148-1210) tendentious views about Ibn Sina and justified the peripatetic philosopher. In Nasraddin Tusi’s theory of knowledge the scientifically explanation of the feeling and mental issues of the cognitive process and the cognition of external features though feelings and their essence through intellect were described. The philosopher’s thinking forms and their types in his logic doctrine are specially investigated. 

 

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